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Alex Hershaft
Alex Hershaft is a co-founder of the U.S. animal rights movement and founder and president of the Farm Animal Rights Movement (FARM), the nation's oldest (1976) organization devoted exclusively to promoting the rights of animals not to be raised for food. Previously, he has had a 30-year career in materials science and environmental consulting and a prominent role in movements for religious freedom and environmental quality.
==Family and early life==
Hershaft was born in Warsaw, Poland, on July 1, 1934 to fairly assimilated Jewish parents Jozef and Sabina Herszaft. Sabina was a mathematician. Jozef was a chemist researching the properties of heavy water (used as a coolant for nuclear reactors) at University of Warsaw with his partner Jozef Rotblat.〔(Alex Hershaft: From the Warsaw Ghetto to the Fight for Animal Rights, September 9, 2014, lecture in Philadelphia )〕
Their research was in great demand, as Western scientists began to recognize the potential of harnessing nuclear energy, and both received visas to continue their work in the U.K. and the U.S. Rotblat left for the U.K just before Hitler invaded Poland in 1939 and eventually received the 1995 Nobel Peace Prize for his subsequent opposition to nuclear weapons. Herszaft insisted on visas for his wife and young son, but those came too late.
During the war, the family was forced to move into the Warsaw Ghetto, with Sabina's parents, across the street from the infamous Pawiak prison. As the Nazis began liquidating the Ghetto in late 1942, sending inmates to the Treblinka death camp, all three were able to escape to the Christian side and remain in hiding.〔Norm Phelps. ''The Longest Struggle''. Lantern Books, 2004; p. 225〕〔("Holocaust survivor heads animal rights group Alex Hershaft throws himself into cause" ) ''Baltimore Sun''. Retrieved 2014-3-4.〕 Jozef was eventually caught and murdered. Sabina and Alex were liberated by the allies in the spring of 1945. After the war and five years in an Italian refugee camp, Sabina emigrated to Israel, while 16-year-old Alexander arrived in the U.S. in January 1951. Sabina died in Israel in 1996.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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